Sardonyx is a variety of onyx which contains layers of clear red or reddish-brown carnelian alternating with layers of white chalcedony.
Sardonyx was named after the ancient city of Sardix, capital of Lydia (now in Turkey), which was a center for trade in this mineral.
It is said to have been one of the stones used in the beastplate of the ancient high priest and is named as the fifth foundation stone in the wall of the New Jerusalem.
It was used widely in early Egyptian days in talismanic rings, carved seals and cameos and is said to bring happiness in marriage. It is known as the "stone of virtue".
Sardonyx is one of the birthstones for August (with peridot) symbolising married happiness.
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